261 End of Huck Finn and The Yellow Wallpaper Professor Ramos Blog

261 End of Huck Finn and The Yellow Wallpaper Huck Finn Ending Fast Write Is The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn still pertinent today? Why or why not? Huck Finn Ending Keynote speakers Jocelyn Chadwick, writer of The Jim Dilemma: Reading Race in Huckleberry Finn Charlotte Perkins Gilman 1860-1935 Charlotte Perkins Gilman Biography The Yellow Wallpaper 1892 The Yellow Wallpaper (Short Film)

Writing Essay Online

Writing Essay OnlineDo you want to write an essay online? If so, here are a few tips and ideas that will help you achieve this goal.* Creating your essay from the ground up is one of the easiest ways to begin. In this manner, you can focus all of your attention on the writing and you will get a greater sense of achievement as a result. In addition, if you don't create your essay from the ground up, you could simply be missing out on some of the opportunities that writing software has to offer.* Finally, look for something that you can work with. There are many online programs that provide extensive learning opportunities and a lot of writing practice tools. Instead of jumping right into the thick of things, try using an online program that will allow you to work on a single topic until you are comfortable with it.* If you are already an experienced writer, you can also use an online program to help you with the writing of your essay online. Most online programs offer basic content an d grammar assistance but do not make suggestions regarding the style or point of view of the writing. You will still need to develop your own style and point of view. As a result, you will need to spend a lot of time reviewing your notes.* After you have begun the writing of your essay online, be sure to take some time to rewrite it as you go along. Make sure to revise your essays at least twice a week. This will ensure that you are consistently improving your essay until you have completed it in the best possible way.* The essay you write will be different depending on whether you are writing essay online for yourself or for another person. For example, if you are writing for a friend, it will probably be a lot easier for you to 'guide' the person by writing what they want to read. As a result, you can use the writing software to help you write in a way that makes sense to your intended reader.* If you are writing for yourself, be sure to discuss your topic and how you would like t o approach it in your essay online. Think about the format that will be most likely to make you proud of the essay. It should be clear and should not require a great deal of interpretation on your part.When you are ready to begin writing your essay online, consider the above guidelines. You will find that it will be a much more fulfilling experience when you take the time to research the techniques that are required to write the essays online.

Economics of the Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Financial aspects of the Environment - Essay Example Specific issues incorporate the expense and advantages of option ecological strategies to manage air contamination, water quality, and poisonous substances, Solid waste, and an Earth-wide temperature boost (Hanely, Shogern and White, 2001). A portion of the significant undertakings, which have generous ecological effects, is Afforestation of Surplus agrarian land, hydroelectric plans, Building, or augmenting streets, developing another Airport and Manufacturing vehicles. All the above ventures are probably going to produce generous Environmental expenses and additionally advantages, and they can be considered as Potential Investment. Potential Investment: A Potential Investment can be characterized as the Investment made by a financial specialist for development (benefit) of his/her interests in a firm or in an undertaking. Speculators search for proof that, we can truly deliver development in our task, and they search for three significant things before contributing, astounding deve lopment potential, extraordinary degree of profitability, up to 25% to 45% and an approach to get their cash out. We need to give them how our chance will convey every one of the three, and doing so will be a potential venture made by a financial specialist in our firm or in a task. A Potential Investment can likewise be a colossal venture, which substantially affects nature. It very well may be a Hydroelectric venture, Afforestation task, Building or enlarging streets, developing another air terminal, and Manufacturing vehicles. As these ventures, have numerous effects, for example, on condition, for benefit of a speculator, open accommodation and some more. At the point when a task is been begun, they are numerous estimation accomplished for various reason, for example, benefit, low introductory cost, higher proficiency of the undertaking, simple support, and so forth... In expansion, for doing such figuring diverse numerical, hypothetical, proportion examination and scientific techniques, for example, CBA (cost valuable investigation) and CEA (cost adequacy examination) are been use. For this task, we select Afforestation of surplus horticultural land as our major venture, which manages planting of trees ashore that didn't convey timberland for quite a long time, for example Afforestation is an away from in land utilization of a specific region. Afforestation in type of planting trees also, future upkeep is a speculation for landowner, and conceivable renounced incomes from Farming should be incorporated. Afforestation of previous arable land will have numerous positive ecological impacts. The change from farming to ranger service implies less contribution of pesticides and Manures that may potentially filter to ground water holds and the foundation of natural surroundings for species related with woods. Backwoods' likewise ready to more readily hold nitrogen from arable use in the biological system, consequently maintaining a strategic distance from eutrophication of water saves. In this paper, we show how CBA can be utilized as a choice help component for the area of new (urban) forestland, beginning from the multifunctional job of these new woodlands. We start with a straightforward introduction of the Money saving advantage examination (CBA) strategy. Key highlights of these assessment procedures are that (I) evaluate the financial estimation all things considered and cost (ii) the issue of limiting and (iii) the choice principles utilized in CBA. At last, we apply the CBA to a genuine arrangement issue. We explore the net advantages per Hectare of mixes of potential timberlands that meet the surface limitation of 540 ha. We show the significance of incorporating diversion benefits in the assessment of afforestation undertakings and all the more explicitly the job of elective woods (substitutes) in the valuation of one explicit Forest. We find that this replacement impact is huge in the choice

Article Review The Terror Of Tiny Town - 1528 Words

This semester I was able to learn many things by adopting and editing a Wikipedia page. Most composition classes would never use Wikipedia, but in this class we were able to utilize it to learn. This semester the class was told to pick an article, and it would be theirs to edit for the rest of the semester. My article was over the musical cult-western film called The Terror of Tiny Town, which was the only film to feature an all dwarf cast. By adopting this Wikipedia page, I was presented with challenges that other students did not face, and they were presented with challenges that was unique to their page. I did not have a problem keeping my edits on the page, but the article is not popular so there has not been much reaction to the page. I had to learn how to do research over a topic that is not popular, and any information on the topic was hard to find in reliable places. Furthermore, I learned how to do basic coding on Wikipedia, something I had no idea how to do before. After my experiences, I would suggest using Wikipedia as a teaching tool. Editing Wikipedia can teach students how to research information and be able to put it in a place for the whole world to see, edit, and critique. Prior to the edits that I made on the page, there was a lot of information that was lacking. The Wikipedia page showed a list of the cast, the plot summary, the reception, and it has the full movie available to watch, but the information given did not do the movie justice, and the pageShow MoreRelatedArticle Review : The Terror Of Tiny Town 1537 Words   |  7 Pageswas told to pick an article and it would be theirs to edit for the rest of the semester. My article was over the musical cult-western film called The Terror of Tiny Town, which was the only film to feature an all dwarf cast. By adopting this Wikipedia page, I was presented with challenges that other students did not face, and they were presented with challenges that was unique to their page. I did not have a problem keeping my edits on the page, but unfortunately the article is not popular, so thereRead MoreDubais Political and Economic Development: Essay38738 Words   |  155 PagesPI1 Explaining Dubai9sDevelopment Outcome Why Not Other Gulf States? Dubai versus the Development Literature IV Dubai in a Cornparatbe Corntext Saudi Arabia Qatar Brunei Conclusion Appendix Bibliography Introduction Dubai, a tiny, oil-exporting city-state located in the Persian Gulf, has recently undergone a remarkable transformation. As a member of a federation of small Arab, Islamic monarchies known as the United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.), its leaders have implemented a boldRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesSpodek’s discussions of the influence of prominent urban planners and architects— including Le Corbusier and the Chicago School—urban preservation and the city as the locus of global cultural development, and the ways in which slums and shanty towns have morphed into long-term homes and viable communities for perhaps a majority of urban dwellers worldwide in the last half of the twentieth century. Broadly conceived and remarkably comprehensive, Bonnie Smith’s essay provides an overview of theRead MoreStrategy Safari by Mintzberg71628 Words   |  287 Pagesbeast. Each forms one school of thought. These ten chapters are framed by this first chapter, which introduces the schools as well as some ideas about strategy itself, and a last chapter which returns to the whole beast. Why Ten? In a colorful article entitled The Magic Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two: Some Limits on Our Capacity for Processing Information, psychologist George Miller (1956) asked why we tend to favor a quantity of about seven for categorizing things—for example seven wondersRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 PagesClarendon Street, Oxford ox2 6dp Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With oYces in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore SouthRead MoreW1 Active Adj14109 Words   |  57 Pageswhich words are frequent in written and spoken English, and enable them to focus more attention on mastering the meanings, grammatical patterns and collocations of these words. 2 LONGMAN COMMUNICATION 3000 Longman Communication 3000 a indefinite article, determiner S1, W1 abandon v W3 ability n S2, W1 able adj S1, W1 about prep S1, W1 about adv S1, W1 above adv, prep S2, W1 above adj W3 abroad adv S2, W3 absence n S3, W2 absolute adj S2, W3 absolutely adv S1, W3 absorb v W3 abuse n S2, W3 academicRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages....................................................................................................... 5 Examples of Good Reasoning............................................................................................................. 14 Review of Major Points ....................................................................................................................... 17 Glossary .................................................................................................Read MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 Pages(UCLA, 1968) has done something to fill the gap2. As the title implies, this is a work for learners, and the vocabulary is therefore restricted, although the words included are freely and helpfully illustrated in sentences. The authors include a brief review of four earlier Igbo works concerned partly or wholly with lexicography (Adams 1932, Swift and others 1962, Green and Igwe 1963, Ogbalu 1962), and their comments will not be repeated here. Several works can, however, be added to the list; The earliestRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesraised $1.65 million. Those initial investors ended up earning a one hundred-to-one return on their investment.4 Within six months, the first Il Giornale store was serving more than 1,000 customers a day. With profound relief, Schultz found that the tiny 700-square-foot store had become a gathering place, just as were those coffee bars in Italy that had so impressed him. He opened two more stores, including one in Vancouver, and by mid-1987 sales were around $500,000 for each store. Then in AugustRead MoreBhopal Gas Disaster84210 Words   |  337 PagesDisaster government while reaching an understanding with Union Carbide. Therefore those in the remaining 20 wards are being denied .compensation. Referring to the AR Antulay Committee s recommendations, Gaur said that the Committee also suggested review of the Centre s decision. At a Group of Ministers meeting in Delhi, the Centre later recommended inclusion of all the wards for compensation. However, compensation has been provided to all those who submitted medical certificates, he pointed out

CSU Pueblo Admissions ACT Scores, Financial Aid More

The Actions Of Vitamin D Other Than Those On Bone

Essay: Discuss the actions of Vitamin D other than those on bone. Abstract: Vitamin D (VD) is known to be involved in absorption of calcium in the gut with deficiency in VD playing a part in many bone related disorders like rickets and osteoporosis. Less known are the other beneficial health effects VD may have. VD has shown to have a positive effective on the immune system by not assisting the innate and adaptive immune response, but by also dulling the autoimmune response. This may be important in fighting disease like TB where VD deficiency is an issue. There also appear to be mechanisms that assist disease states such as cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes that VD may assist in however these studies are inconclusive and further study is required.  ¬Ã‚ ¬____________________________________________________________________________ Vitamins are essential molecules needed by the body for normal growth and development (Nlm.nih.gov, 2014). One such vitamin is the fat-soluble Vitamin D (VD) which assists in the absorption of calcium and exists in 2 forms, Vitamin D3 (VD3) and Vitamin D2 (VD2) (Nlm.nih.gov, 2014; Garg, Lubel, Sparrow, Holt Gibson, 2012). VD3 is primary sourced for humans is its synthesis in human skin, with 7-dehydroxycholesterol being converted to VD3 on exposure to UV light, usually from sunlight. VD3 can also be obtained from some animal sources like egg yolk or oily fish whereas VD2 is obtained from plant sources, with the VD referring to the summationShow MoreRelatedOsteoporosis Malady And Its Counteractive Action1627 Words   |  7 Pagess bones making them diminish in their thickness and be more powerless against crack. It has been turned out to be specifically identified with the mass of bones that an individual figures out how to accomplish amid both his/her adolescence and pre-adult phas es of life. Specialists have kept on stressing the preventive way to deal with this sickness urging folks to guarantee that their youngsters hone sound propensities which, as they accentuate, can actually lead them to breaking their bones amidRead MoreThe Four Basic Food Molecules989 Words   |  4 Pagesis a group of atoms bonded together that represent the smallest unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction. (http://www.dictionary.com) In kitchen chemistry today, there are many types of food molecules such as minerals, vitamins, fiber, and water. But there are four molecules that people refer to as food, also known as the four basic food molecules, which can be used to produce energy which are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and alcohol which is not considered a basicRead MoreThe Nutritional Influences Of The Adult Human Skeleton1743 Words   |  7 PagesTwo hundred and six individual bones compose the adult human skeleton. In addition to providing st ructure and protection for our most vital organs, bones store minerals and aid in blood cell production. They are considered to be just as much a vital organ as the heart or liver. Under normal circumstances, throughout a person’s life as older bone is broken broken down it is immediately rebuilt and replaced but when there is an imbalance in this delicate cycle the bones integrity becomes compromisedRead MoreInvestigating The Three Hormones Involved During The Regulation Of Plasma Calcium Concentration1192 Words   |  5 Pageslevels of calcium, it is essential for several important cell functions, such as muscular contraction, cellular signalling, exocytosis and bone composition. Therefore, it is necessary that the concentration of the ion in the blood stream is kept within a considerably strict range. Besides the dietary calcium intake, the human body is capable of maintaining those levels through a variety of endocrine mechanisms. The main hormones that play a role in the regulation of plasma calcium concentration areRead MoreVitamin D Deficiency: A Major Cause of Concern in Ireland 2707 Words   |  11 PagesYes, Vitamin D deficiency has indeed become a major cause of concern in Ireland as it has recently been highlighted that most Irish people are deficient in this essential vitamin. According to the Irish Osteoporosis society 74% of Irish adults and 88% of Irish primary school children, have less than half of the recommended daily amount of vitamin D. As well as bone health problems deficiency has recently shown cause cancers, diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This can be defined as a majorRead MoreSkeletal Disorder: Osteoporosis2999 Words   |  12 PagesPurpose of the Study 2 Hypothesis 3 Significance of the Study 3 Limitations of the Study 4 Physical Activity 4 The Role of Vitamin D Deficiency 6 Preventing Osteoporosis and Social Cognitive Theory 9 Personal factors 9 Social Factor 11 Introduction Osteoporosis is a medical term used for skeletal disorder. Patients with this disorder suffer with decreased and decreasing bone strength and vitality; hence the patient is in risk for frequent fractures during their rest of life, also they are risk forRead MoreCurrent Treatments And Compliance : Osteoporosis Can Be Detected By Using Dual Energy X Ray Absorptiometry ) Scans1630 Words   |  7 Pagescurrently the gold standard for assessing bone mineral density. Once the elderly have found out they have osteoporosis, most turn to traditional therapies which include biphosphonates. Biphosphonates are the most widely used drug for treatment and prevention of osteoporosis. According to Mamtani and Kulkarni (2009), biphosphonates inhibit osteoclast actions that reduce bone resorption. In simpler terms, these drugs increase bone mineral density and decrease bone breakdown in individuals. It also reducesRead MoreWe Need A Surplus Of Money For Our Bank Accounts At The End Of The Month Essay 3707 Words   |  15 Pagesvacation. A logical way to achieve this is to live a frugal lifestyle which will increase your cash flow each month. Stay Home More Gas prices are at an all time high. Running the roads will use up gasoline and will cause you to spend more money than necessary. Plan to run errands on a certain day of the week or participate in a fun activity once a week. This will drastically decrease your time in the car and will save you money. On the days that you need to run errands, plan your route so thatRead MoreLiving Matter Consumed By The Body Operates4167 Words   |  17 Pagesthe body operates. Produce substances needed for the formation of new tissue, encouraging growth. Transform the energy contained in food into heat, movement and work. Food classification by origin: By origin foods are classified into three groups: Those of plant origin: vegetables, fruits, cereals. The animal: meat, milk, eggs. The mineral source: water and mineral salts. Each of these foods provide our bodies substances that are essential to its operation and development. These substances are: CarbohydratesRead MoreVitamin A and Multiple Scolorosis1385 Words   |  6 PagesVitamin A and Multiple Sclerosis There is countless research that widely associates vitamin D and vitamin A in possibly decreasing adverse effects of multiple sclerosis (MS). Although, vitamin A is not as popular in research as vitamin D it has shown in certain trials to be beneficial to patients suffering from MS, but more commonly there is a positive link to vitamin A in animal trials of treating experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) the animal version of MS, . Vitamin A is a fat- soluble

Malaysia Response in Financial Crisis 1997 free essay sample

The Response for Malaysia during Financial Crisis in 1997-1998 If we went back to the dark ages of financial crisis in Asia, we should thank our forth prime minister Tun Dr Mahathir Bin Mohamad for the decision that he have done. When all of the Asian countries’ face this problem, some countries do response to solve the crisis. The traditional policy response to financial difficulties has been to seek assistance from the IMF for improving the situation. For such assistance the countries in trouble invariably have to undertake economic and financial reforms, impart more transparency to government spending, and make the necessary macroeconomic adjustments. They must initiate measures to revitalize their economic and monetary systems. Thailand and Indonesia took steps to remedy their weaknesses. Korea too joined in. But these countries soon found the crisis beyond their control, and decided to seek assistance from the IMF. Following the IMF conditions for the help, these countries had to implement tight monetary and fiscal policies, and had to enforce the prescribed structural reformations, particularly in the financial sector. The appointment of Tan Sri Nor Mohamed   Yakcop as Finance Minister II brought back to mind the innovative package of policy measures that Malaysia embarked upon in the dark days of the financial crisis of 1997-2000. The then Prime Minster Tun Mahathir Mohamed took the bold political decisions to introduce and enforce the measures. It was politically and technically a courageous act, as the policies flew in the face of orthodoxy and Dr Mahathir and Malaysia were condemned by the global establishment when they were introduced. Nor Mohammed is credited for explaining the mechanics of the international currency trade to Dr Mahathir and for working out the details and mechanisms of important parts of the policy package, especially the fixing of the ringgit peg to the US dollar, the selective foreign exchange controls and de-internationalisation of the ringgit. Today, the Malaysian measures are widely praised for being innovative and effective. The same International Monetary Fund that heaped skepticism on them has acknowledged that useful lessons can be learnt from the Malaysian experience. History will recognize the Malaysian measures as a landmark as they posed a systematic challenge and a practical alternative to the orthodox policies promoted by the â€Å"Washington Consensus†, or the group of powerful institutions like the IMF, the World Bank and the US Treasury. Many people today point to the Malaysian measures to show that alternative ways of resolving financial and economic crises are possible, do exist and can work even better than the orthodox policies. Malaysia was luckier than other countries affected by the crisis, like Thailand, Indonesia and South Korea. We were not in a debt default situation, and thus did not have to turn to the IMF for loans. Those countries had to obey the IMF, and lost their policy autonomy. The result was high interest rates, continued currency depreciation, and deregulation of foreign ownership that led to the foreign takeover of many local assets. Initially Malaysia also voluntarily took on IMF-type policies. But this did not work, as the high interest rates added to the corporate and banking crisis; the flexible exchange policy enabled the ringgit to depreciate (at one time almost touching five ringgit to the dollar);   the freedom of capital mobility allowed funds to flow out;   and the cutbacks in government expenditure added to recessionary pressures. In 1998, a year after the start of the crisis, the Malaysian model was introduced. This package comprised: * The core macroeconomic measures of interest rates, monetary and fiscal policies. Interest rates were significantly reduced, allowing firms and consumers to breathe again and then to borrow, thus improving investment and consumption conditions. The statutory reserve requirement was reduced to increase liquidity, and banks were encouraged to increase lending. And government boosted its spending, to get the economy moving again when the private sector was in the doldrums. These measures are consistent with the policies advocated by the great English economist John Maynard Keynes and are an integral part of Economics textbooks. They are taken by the US administration when the US is in recession. But they are forbidden to countries borrowing from the IMF, which has insisted on a combination of high interest rates, tight money flows, and government expenditure cuts. Thus ironically the Malaysian economic policies were seen as â€Å"radical† when they should be considered as standard Keynesian anti-recession policies. 1. Stabilising the exchange rate. The ringgit was fixed at 3. 80 to the US dollar, thus ending the previous flexible exchange rate system. This put an end to currency fluctuations and speculation. It allowed the macroeconomic policies to be implemented, and prevented a possible debt servicing crisis, which could have occurred if the ringgit had depreciated to below a certain level, as happened for example in Indonesia. 2. Closing down the overseas trade of the ringgit, and the trade in Singapore of Malaysian shares. This put an end to speculative activities in the currency and in local shares. 3. Regulating capital flows, particularly short-term capital outflows by foreigners and local citizens. Measures included an initial one-year moratorium on outflow of foreign portfolio capital and foreign-owned financial assets denominated in ringgit. Restrictions were placed on capital transfers by local citizens and companies. The restrictions did not apply to the flow of funds relating to foreign direct investment, nor to trade. These regulations were removed a few years later. 1. Maintaining financial stability by deciding on a policy of not closing down financial institutions facing difficulties, and announcing that the government would guarantee deposits placed in banks and finance companies. This prompted depositors to retain confidence in the banking system, unlike in other countries where bank closures (insisted on by the IMF) led to a run on the system and to capital flight. 2. Restructuring and recapitalizing the banking and corporate sectors to enable a recovery in the micro-economy. Among the measures were the establishment and work of Danaharta (an asset management company) to deal with the non-performing loans problem,   Danamodal (a special agency) to recapitalize troubled financial institutions and the Corporate Debt Restructuring Committee to restructure corporate debt 3. Revitalising the various economic sectors affected by the crisis. 4. Maintaining certain key economic and social policies, in particular the regulation of foreign ownership of assets, subsidies and price controls, policies relating to distribution and balance among local ethnic communities. If Malaysia had to turn to the IMF, it would have had to end many of these policies, and there might have been social chaos. But instead the country could continue to regulate the entry and degree of participation of foreign investors in the domestic economy. It could assist local firms and financial institutions facing financial difficulties. The policy of striving for balance in the distribution of assets and equity between locals and foreigners and among the local communities (the New Economic Policy) was basically maintained. Socially-oriented policies could continue, such as price controls on essential consumer items and subsidies on consumer items and to farmers. The government was also able to maintain its own policies on privatization, and on the extent and rate of financial and trade liberalization. Many countries taking IMF loans were pressurized to give up policies such as the above, and this led in some cases to social unrest. There are thus some important lessons from the Malaysian policy response to the crisis. Mainly, there are alternatives to the IMF policies. The Malaysian case shows that such an alternative approach exists, and can be applied in a relatively successful manner with good results. In addition, having policy space and flexibility is important to a developing country. The Malaysian experience also shows that if a country is able to avoid turning to the IMF, it can be free of being in the straightjacket of the IMF’s mainly one-size-fits-all policies, and can choose its own policies and also change them if they are found to be unsuitable. Other than that, a coherent anti-crisis strategy should be seen as an integrated package of its elements and policies. Policy makers sometime facing dilemmas and problems as there are multiple goals and the same policy instrument meant to achieve one goal definitely may give a negative impact on other goals. In fact, when there are many complex trade-offs happened, it is useful to apply the concept of â€Å"think outside the box† and seek new or extraordinary policy or solutions that might be available. In the Malaysian case, the various policy elements should be seen as parts of an integrated approach, or of a whole policy package. Thus, each element should be considered not only on its own merits or for its own role to achieve a particular goal, but also for its function of having an effect on another goal. A particular element or policy may not have the same successful intended effect, unless done together with some other element of policy. Thus, the inter-relationship of the elements and the interaction with one another should be appreciated. As example, reducing the interest rate was important for rescuing the micro economy and reviving the real economy; but doing so would have brought down the ringgit’s exchange rate and threatened the country with a debt default situation. The interest rate had therefore to be separated from the exchange rate. A new policy instrument—fixing the exchange rate—was then introduced. However, this step would have been not enough as speculation on the currency could still take place in ringgit offshore markets; and capital flight could also threaten the foreign reserves position and maintenance of the exchange rate would be unsustainable. During the end of 1997, ratings had fallen from investment grade to rubbish, the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE) had lost more than 50% from above 1,200 to fewer than 600, and the ringgit had lost 50% of its value, falling from above 2. 0 to under 4. 57 on (Jan 23, 1998) to the dollar. Then, the hero of Malaysian, Tun Dr Mahathir Mohammad imposed strict capital controls and introduced a 3. 80 peg against the US dollar. Therefore, besides that, the stabilization of the currency also required two additional policy instruments—ending the overseas speculation by banning the currency’s trade abroad; and introducing selective capital co ntrols to regulate the outflows and inflows of funds. Therefore, beginning with even one major policy goal (reviving the local companies and the local economy) and a single policy tool (interest rate reduction), the Malaysian strategy also eventually involved several other policy tools and goals. On the other hand, to appreciate the brilliance of the Malaysian model, it is vital to see the role or roles played by each element, and to recognize that each of the measures was part of an integral policy package. Perhaps Malaysians are still too close in time and in geography to be able to distance ourselves and appreciate the full value of the Malaysian model. There were also many measures on the downside, such as the wastage in resources and inappropriateness of some of the rescue operations, especially in the big companies. These situations were heavily criticized at the time as cases of favouritism and cronyism and as a waste of public funds. In the past two years, Nor Mohamed played an important role in his position as Economic Advisor to the Prime Minister to rearrange the structure, ownership and management of several of the companies, and therefore helped in providing a better image to Malaysian citizen and corporate companies. The Malaysian crisis management strategy was the effect not only of one or two people but a team led by Tun Mahathir and comprising Ministers, the National Economic Action Council and its secretariat, and the key government agencies and Ministries. The Economic Advisor of Prime Minister, Nor Mohamed played a vital role mainly in the elements that involve the currency and the selective capital controls. For the public and citizen of Malaysia, they expect that the capabilities owned by Prime Minister and his team have higher potential and expectations that heir skills will be well used to properly leading the finances and economy of the country for the betterment in the future. What Can we Learnt from the Financial Crisis in 1997-2000 Despite of having the worst area of financial during 1997-2000, Malaysian citizen should be very thankful regarding the best decision made by the most powerful man of the country; the Prime Minister. If we can go back to the past, we can easily define the risk taking by our Prime Minister those days, Tun Dr Mahathir Bin Mohamad was a suicidal mission. Most of the countries that affected by the financial crisis will definitely seek for financial help and financial recommendations from IMF as they have no more idea. However, in Malaysias’ situation, we actually created a new solution that backs the roles of IMF itself. During those days, IMF was known and defined as the only solution that they have. For us, to be a leader for our country, determination and risk taking is ultimately important. Other than that, talking about lesson learn, especially in term of economic, the currency rate, and stock exchange do act as key roles for some country to excel in business and financial management. Nowadays, the country that not manipulate their currency itself and hoping 100% on IMF have a slow economic development. That is the only thing that makes us, as a Malaysian proud of our forth Prime Minister, Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad. References 1. http://www. treasury. gov. my/index. php? ption=com_contentview=articleid=885%3Athe-financial-crisis-of-1997-1998-by-nor-mohamed-yakcopcatid=53%3AucapanItemid=251lang=my Retrieved on 15th August 2011 2. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/1997_Asian_financial_crisis Retrieved on 15th August 2011 3. http://www. irti. org/irj/go/km/docs/documents/IDBDevelopments/Internet/English/IRTI/CM/downloads/IES_Articles/Vol%209-2.. Zuabir%20Hasan.. The%201997-98%20Financial%20Crisis%20in%20Malaysia. pdf Retrieved on 16th August 2011 . Kaufman, GG. , Krueger, TH. , Hunter, WC. (1999) The Asian Financial Crisis: Origins, Implications and Solutions. Springer. ISBN 0-7923-8472-5 Retrieved on 14th August 2011 5. http://www. twnside. org. sg/title2/gtrends1. htm Retrieved on 14th August 2011 [ 1 ]. http://www. irti. org/irj/go/km/docs/documents/IDBDevelopments/Internet/English/IRTI/CM/downloads/IES_Articles/Vol%209-2.. Zuabir%20Hasan.. The%201997-98%20Financial%20Crisis%20in%20Malaysia. pdf

Green Sickness Carrion Essay Example

Green Sickness Carrion Essay Romeo and Juliet is a tragic, romantic play written by William Shakespeare. The play is set in the town of Verona, were rivalry has thrived between two families; the Capulets and the Montages. Romeo who is Montague meets Juliet a Capulet, at a party. Fate has brought them together and they both immediately fall in love. Later they find out there families have a eternal feud. Romeo decides he loves her never the less and they confess love for each other and decide to marry the next day. Friar Laurence agrees for them to get married in effort for the feuding between the families to end. At the same time the Capulets are planning Juliet marriage to Paris. Juliet does not what to marry Paris as she is in love with Romeo and decides to take some fake sleeping potion so everyone thinks she is dead. She arranges Friar Laurence to send a message to Romeo to let him know that she is faking her death. But unfortunately Romeo does not receive the message and believes that Juliet has died. Therefore he drinks poison and dies. When Juliets sleeping potion wears off, she is awaken to find the corpse of her love. Then she proceeds to kill herself with Romeos dragger. After the death of the ill-fated lovers, the two families make peace and share their sorrow. The harshness and strictness of the parents caused the death of Romeo and Juliet. We will write a custom essay sample on Green Sickness Carrion specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Green Sickness Carrion specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Green Sickness Carrion specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In act 3, scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet, William Shakespeare has revealed the stridency of medieval parents. Medieval parents virtually held absolute power over their children, especially their daughters as they were their parents possession from birth to marriage. Parents got their children married to whoever they chose, at early ages such as, 13.Wealthy parents got their children married to a prosperous and affluent person so, that they gained more respect and pride from the society. Parents expected their children to always be obedient, respectful and never disagree to their commands. Children in medieval times, had to do whatever their parents told them, whenever they told them. It was a harsh life for children compared to children today, who can do whatever they want, whenever they want .Todays parents let their children run their life in their own hands. Parents give their guidance, only if their children want to as children have their own independent lives, they chose who and when to get married. Parents today are cooperative compared to medieval parents who were strict. Below, I have explained some language devices Shakespeare has used in Romeo and Juliet, to show what the Capulets were like as medieval parents. In the scene Juliet disagrees to an arranged marriage to a wealthy man called Paris, Lord Capulet and Lady Capulet are extremely outraged as their verbal language shows how astringent medieval parents were. Shakespeare uses a range of ultimatums to interpret typical examples of medieval parents. For example, Lord Capulet frustratingly says to Juliet I tell thee what; get thee to the church OThursday; / Or never look me in the face and Gaze were you will, you shall not house with me. This illustrates the ferociousness of Lord Capulet, who will not accept Juliet as his daughter or allow her to live with him unless she agrees to marry Paris,who is very high class ad well known in the society. Medieval fathers brought enormous pressure on their daughters to marry the man he chose unlike parents nowadays would be more considerate to accept their childrens point of view. Mockery is another language device Shakespeare uses to emphasise the Capulets as traditional medieval parents. For example, Lord Capulet imitates her childish voice and says To answer, Ill not wed, I am too young, I pray pardon me to Juliet. Medieval parents neglected their childrens opinions and insulted them unlike parents today who are more supportive. The quote above demonstrates the fractious nature of Lord Capulet who assumes that Juliet is too young and too childish because she is refusing the good fortune offered to her. Another language device that Shakespeare employs to show the Capulets as typical examples of medieval parents is threatening language. Capulet shows impatience, while speaking to Juliet for example, Out, you green-sickness carrion! Out, you baggage/ You tallow face! . Green sickness-carrion is a double insult; it means she looks as green as something that has been dead for long and she is afflicted with sickness that comes from being a girl. Another example is, To go with Paris to Saint Peters Church/Or I will drag thee hurdle thither, Capulet is humiliating Juliet and threatening to drag her on a prisoners sledge to the church. These quotes show that medieval parents were extremely selfish and narrow minded unlike parents today who understand their childrens rights. A further device Shakespeare has used is rhetorical questions to portray the Capulets as medieval parents. Rhetorical questions were used to emphasise the Capulets outrage by Juliets dishonour for example, How, how, how, how, choppd logic? What is this? This argument is considered useless in Capulets mind. Another example is, Soft! take me with you, wife, How will she none? doth she not give us thanks? This emphasises that Capulet is astonished, he expected Juliet to thank him profusely and to be proud to be Pariss wife. This defines that medieval parents had strength over their children, who had no rights to do any on their chose. Nowadays children feel freer to choose their own paths without hesitation. Parents nowadays are more supportive unlike medieval parents who were very uncooperative. Shakespeare has used different language devices to imitate Capulets as medieval parents such as, uses of lists. The use of lists introduces the irritation of Capulets for example God breads makes me mad/ Day, night, hour, tide, time, work, play. This illustrates that Capulet worked really hard and spent a lot of time to find Juliet a husband but Juliet does not appreciate all he had done for her. Another list used in the scene was, And you be mine, Ill give you to my friend;/ And you be not, hang, beg, starve, die in the streets, this means that if Juliet does not agree to marry Paris, he will not accept her as his daughter and will not give her any support her, in her future life. Another language device Shakespeare uses to outline Capulets as a medieval parent is alliteration. Examples of alliteration were used when Capulets gets ill-tempered by Juliets imprudence and sarcastically says, Mistress Minion. This quotes that Juliet is a spoilt child. Another example used was Fettle you fine joints which means prepare for what you have ahead of you. The point that Shakespeare is making is that parents use to low grade their children and make them feel unwanted, unlike parents today who want their children to feel comfortable and wanted at home. Metaphors are another language device Shakespeare uses to display the Capulets as medieval parents. For example Lady Capulet irritatingly says to Juliet I would the fool were married to her grave .The point Shakespeare is making is that traditional medieval parents were very cold and unpleasant if they didnt get their way. The quote above means that if Juliet does not marry Paris the thing for her to do is die, her parents will feel shameful and deeply insulted if she rejects Paris, as Pariss family will no longer respect the Capulets. Shakespeare uses exclamation marks to indicate Capulets as medieval parents. For example Shakespeare uses exclamation marks to emphasise Capulets strong feelings such as, Hang thee, young baggage! disobedient wretch! This shows that Capulet was threatening Juliet by making unpleasant remarks. This shows that medieval parents did not think about there childrens feeling unlike parents today who understand their childrens feeling very well. In conclusion medieval expected too much of their children and didnt understand their feelings as they were treated in this way when they were children. Life was hard for medieval children; they had a lot to cope with unlike children today who are very enthusiastic.

Essay on How to Sell a House Fast in a Slow Real Estate Market

Essay on How to Sell a House Fast in a Slow Real Estate Market Essay on How to Sell a House Fast in a Slow Real Estate Market Essay on How to Sell a House Fast in a Slow Real Estate MarketWhen there is a need to sell a real estate property, there are two ways the seller can choose: sell the property on ones own or hire a real estate agent. Selling the property personally might be more efficient in terms of price and profit; however, this process will likely require a lot of time and effort. Hiring a real estate agent will increase sale costs, but this decision will help save time and resources (Bronchick Cooper, 2008). In addition, real estate agents have access to a wider pool of potential buyers compared to sellers selling on their own (Bronchick Cooper, 2008).The decision on whether to hire a real estate agent or not depends on personal preferences: the need to save money, the need to save time, real estate market awareness, awareness of legal regulations pertaining to real estate and experience in performing all necessary procedures associated with the sale. Assuming that the relocation will take plac e in 3 months, it is reasonable to suggest that the key priority will be time and the second priority will be money. Therefore, in the considered case it will be best to hire a real estate agent. However, it is necessary to remember that real estate agents might not always work in the best interests of a seller since their commission is often weakly related to the final sale price and timing (Levitt Syverson, 2007).In order to motivate the real estate agent to act in the sellers best interest, it is necessary to introduce appropriate incentives (Levitt Syverson, 2007). These incentives should be economically aligned with the sellers goals. In the considered case, the key objective is to sell the property within maximum 2.5 months (since time is also needed to prepare the documents and complete the sale). The second objective will be getting maximal price that can be achieved in the current situation.Therefore, the proposed incentives are the following. The agents commission should be divided into 8 parts: 2 parts are paid when the sale is completed (regardless of sale conditions), 3 parts are paid if the sale is completed within 2.5 months (so the agent is motivated to sell the house in time) and the remaining 3 parts are paid if the price exceeds a pre-determined level (which should be chosen slightly above average market rate) and takes place on time. In this case, the agent is strongly motivated to sell the house on time and is also quite motivated to sell the house at a high price, so he or she will act in the sellers best interests identified in this case.

Recent Developments in Undercover Policing Assignment

Recent Developments in Undercover Policing - Assignment Example Undercover police functions are a standard feature of contemporary political territory. Several secret revelations in recent days indicate that environmentalists, anti-nuclear and human & animal rights among other groups are likely to be the target of various surreptitious activities. Such activities can take any form, i.e. from the demonstration of supportive activities to training operations in specific organizations. The Ruckus Society is an example of one such organization, which is concerned with various defense activities. This organization delivers tools, training, and support to the environmental, human rights and social justice coordinators (The Ruckus Society, â€Å"About Us†). However, only negligible information has been available regarding the true motives of the organization, i.e. how they operate and how they support various activities among others. Thus, an infiltration has been planned in order to investigate the organization. Accordingly, two female detective s have been chosen in order to go to deep undercover as a part of their investigation. Contextually, when undertaking their investigative activities in The Ruckus Society, they need to maintain certain guidelines. The key objective of this assignment is to provide instructions to the female detectives when performing their duties as undercover agents. The assignment provides guidance for the female detectives in order to undertake investigation activities without compromising the undercover status. Fundamentally, there are two categories of an undercover operation that are categorized as deep cover and light cover. A deep cover infiltrator lives the role with widespread skills in undercover work. Deep cover operations are strongly compartmentalized in the investigation of an organization in order to prevent a breach of security or leak of information.

A history of ultrasound physics and the properties of the transducer Research Paper

A history of ultrasound physics and the properties of the transducer - Research Paper Example Prior to the second World War, sonar, which is the technique of transmitting waves of sound through water and observing the echoes that return to characterize the objects that are submerged, was an inspiration to the pioneers of ultrasound investigators in exploring ways and in turn applying the medical diagnosis concepts. This paper will highlight the history of ultrasound and discuss the properties of transducers. History of ultrasound According to Orenstein, (2008) Pythagoras, popular for his theory about right-angled triangles was the pioneer of ultrasound, since he invented the sonometer, which was used to study musical sounds. Boethius (c. 480-c.525) was the first to give comparison between sound waves to waves that were produced when a pebble was dropped into calm water. Pierre Curie, a French physicist discovered piezoelectricity in 1877, the moment that ultrasound was conceived. Later on, as Orenstein continues to assert, sonographic imaging was developed by French professor and physicist Paul Lavengin. Many scientists had the desire to see inside the human body and in turn developed probes and scopes for diagnosis and treatment during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. For instance, the discovery of X-rays by William Conrad in 1865 played an important role in the history of ultrasound. Moreover, in 1912, when the Titanic sank while on its maiden voyage made people to be curious in detecting submerged s ubstances. Like many other technological advances, ultrasound also owes its development to the World War. Lavengin was called upon by the French government to develop an object that was able to detect the sub marines of the enemy during the World War One. The device he invented applied the piezoelectric effect he had learned as Curies’ student (Orenstein, 2008). The transducer is one of the most critical componenets of any diagnostic ultrasound system. There exists various types of ultrasound transducers that can be chosen prior to performing an ultrasound investigation, therefore, much attention should be accorded towards choosing the most suitable transducer for the ultrasound application (Gibbs, Cole, & Sassano, 2009 p27). However, Lavengin did not complete the device he developed in 1917 so that it could be used during the First World War, but it indeed formed the basis of sonar detection that was developed in the World War II (Orenstein, 2008). In 1928, Sergei Sokolov, a Russian physicist made important suggestions that saw ultrasound being used for industrial purposes that included detecting flaws in metallic devices. Ultrasound is a new aspect in the field of medicine. For instance, in the 1920s and the 1930s, ultrasound was used by members of European football clubs as a physical therapy. Additionally, as reported by Orenstein, ultrasound was utilized in the sterilization of vaccines as well as for cancer therapy in conjunction with radiation therapy. Subsequently, in 1948, other ultrasound pioneers such as Douglas Howry subjected his efforts towards developing a B-mode equipment that compared pathology to cross-sectional anatomy. The late 60s and early 70s was the period of sonic boom. A 2D echo was pioneered by Klaus Bom. Don Baker, John Reid and Dennis Watkins were able to develop a pulsed Doppler in 1966, which was able to detect the flow of blood from the different corners of the heart. Real-time ultrasound was developed in

Miss Evers’ Boys portrays the emotional effects Essay Example for Free

Miss Evers’ Boys portrays the emotional effects Essay Miss Evers’ Boys portrays the emotional effects of one of the most amoral instances of governmental experimentation on humans ever perpetrated. It depicts the government’s involvement in research targeting a group of African American males (â€Å"The Tuskegee Experiment†), while simultaneously exploring the depths of human tragedy and suffering that result, as seen through the eyes of Eunice Evers. The viewer watches as a seemingly innocuous program progresses into a full-blown ethical catastrophe—all the while taking Miss Evers through a moral journey, with her decisions having ramifications on the life and well-being of her best friends—her â€Å"boys. † I. Structure This movie deals with the ethical considerations present in human experimentation. The government, wanting to mimic the Oslo Experiments, intends to study a population of AfricanAmericans inflicted with syphilis. The movie takes place in alternate settings, transitioning between a 1973 Senatorial hearing and the site of the actual study in Alabama, beginning in 1932 and moving forward. Miss Eunice Evers, a nurse at a local Tuskegee hospital, is the centerpiece of the movie. II. Setting Plot Summary With an ominous lead-in quote, Miss Evers’ Boys begins to tell the tale of an emotionally courageous young woman and her struggle to protect her â€Å"children. † Within the first few frames  of the movie, the viewer is automatically entrenched into the already tenuous history of racial tension in America—except, this time, under the auspices of segregation founded upon disease. The movie begins, placing the viewer as an observer of a 1973 U. S. Senate Hearing, where we are first introduced to Miss Eunice Evers. Miss Evers is testifying as a nurse, one who took the nurse’s oath to protect the health of those in her care. The claimed Senatorial goal is to discover the truth underlying the â€Å"Tuskegee Study. † Miss Evers worked in the study from 19321972. The movie progresses throughout the course of the hearing, with testimony by Miss Evers and reminiscent scenes telling the tale of the study. In the beginning, Miss Evers firmly supports the goal of the initial plan—to provide care and treatment to those suffering from syphilis. â€Å"It was the dawn of a new day,† explains Miss Evers. At this point (pre-study), she believes that the government is sending her patients, and her city, the best funding and medical support available. The viewer is then introduced to Miss Evers’ Boys—a folk music group. 1 The musicians (four of them) are the first patients to provide blood samples, one of them being Caleb, an eventual love-interest of Miss Evers. Each of the men test positive for syphilis. At this point in the movie, everyone (including Miss Evers) is still under that assumption that â€Å"bad blood† is the culprit for the disease. Ultimately, the funding for the initial study disintegrates. After a visit to Washington, various gentlemen confront Dr. Brodus, the head doctor in Tuskegee, with an offer for a new rationale for funding. The gentlemen explain their intentions of studying the African-American population, much like the Caucasian population in the Oslo Experiments (1891-1910). The government then reveals the true nature of the experiment—the proposed study of untreated African-Americans dealing with syphilis. 1 The government promises future treatment and The group names their band after Miss Evers when she drives them to their first musical show. 2 proclaims the future potential of the Tuskegee Experiment, appealing to Dr. Brodus’ pride. Dr. Brodus agrees, naming the study, The Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in The Negro Male. 412 men, afflicted with syphilis, participate in the study. In a telling interaction involving one of the first patients, Miss Evers suggests that the doctors explain to the study group that they are providing â€Å"back shots. † Through her deceit, Miss Evers thus begins to involve herself in the â€Å"treatment. † The tension she feels manifests itself in her facial features; the viewer can see her apprehension in this instance and throughout the movie. She is torn, but yet continues to help Dr. Brodus conduct the study. As 6-months turns into years, Miss Evers continues to hide the secret behind the study. She urges the men to continue the study, in hope of future treatment—treatment that never comes, even through the eventual availability of penicillin. Miss Evers’ ultimate decision as to how she deals with the care and treatment of her â€Å"boys† will be left to the viewer. With the journey, however, comes a tumultuous story, exposing the hypocrisy of the United States Government through the eyes of Eunice Evers. Throughout the movie, as an audience, we want Miss Evers to defy all conventions and simply provide the necessary medicine to the patients. Yet, she struggles throughout with the pros and cons of such a decision. On one hand, she wants to support the experiment; yet, on the other, she wants to protect and comfort her friends. As we finally see in the end, as seen through Miss Evers’ unique perspective, while one may question Miss Evers, it is the Senators themselves, and the government agents before them, who prove to be more worthy of moral appraisal. III.

Imagery in Othello Essays -- Othello essays

Imagery in Othello  Ã‚         The vast array of natural imagery in Shakespeare’s tragic drama Othello dazzles the audience’s minds. Let us survey in this essay the varieties of imagery referred to by the playwright.    The vulgar imagery of Othello’s ancient dominates the opening of the play. Francis Ferguson in â€Å"Two Worldviews Echo Each Other† describes the types of imagery used by the antagonist when he â€Å"slips his mask aside† while awakening Brabantio:    Iago is letting loose the wicked passion inside him, as he does from time to time throughout the play, when he slips his mask aside. At such moments he always resorts to this imagery of money-bags, treachery, and animal lust and violence. So he expresses his own faithless, envious spirit, and, by the same token, his vision of the populous city of Venice – Iago’s â€Å"world,† as it has been called. . . .(132)    Standing outside the senator’s home late at night, Iago uses imagery within a lie to arouse the occupant: â€Å" Awake! what, ho, Brabantio! thieves! thieves! thieves! / Look to your house, your daughter and your bags!† When the senator appears at the window, the ancient continues with coarse imagery of animal lust: â€Å"Even now, now, very now, an old black ram / Is topping your white ewe,† and â€Å"you'll have your daughter covered with a Barbary horse; you'll have your nephews neigh to you; you'll have coursers for cousins and gennets for germans.† David Bevington in William Shakespeare: Four Tragedies comments that the imagery in the play is quite mundane, and he tells why:    The battle of good and evil is of course cosmic, but in Othello that battle is realized through a taut narrative of jealousy and murder. Its poetic images are accordingly focused t... ...s Desdemona before stabbing himself to death:    Cold, cold, my girl!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Even like thy chastity. O cursed slave!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Whip me, ye devils,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From the possession of this heavenly sight!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Blow me about in winds! roast me in sulphur!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Wash me in steep-down gulfs of liquid fire!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   O Desdemona! Desdemona! dead! (5.2)    WORKS CITED    Bevington, David, ed. William Shakespeare: Four Tragedies. New York: Bantam Books, 1980.    Ferguson, Francis. â€Å"Two Worldviews Echo Each Other.† Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from Shakespeare: The Pattern in His Carpet. N.p.: n.p., 1970.    Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http://www.eiu.edu/~multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No line nos.   

The Forest

Forests are precious national resource whim not only play significant role in national condor but help in pollution control and maintaining logical balance. These offer a number of direct indirect advantages which have been realised sin time immemorial. Direct Advantages 1. Forests provide valuable timber for dome tic and commercial use. Industries like paper, matt making, plywood, sports goods, lakh and furniture at directly based on raw materials derived from forest 2.Forests supply a number of minor produce which are utilised in different industries and domes* tic uses. These include lakh, gum and resins, tannin material, medicines, herbs, honey, spices, etc. 3. Forests offer employment to about 4 mil ­lion people to earn their livelihood in forest based occupations, i. e. , lumbering, sawing, furniture mak ­ing, forest produce collecting, etc. 4. Auction of forests for commercial use fetches annual income to state exchequer. 5. Export of forest products earns valuable foreign exchange to the country. 6.Grazing of cattle in the forests helps in dairy farming and cattle rising. 7. Forests are the natural habitat for wild life and birds which attract tourists, holiday makers and hunters. These may be developed as very good picnic or tourist centers in the form of wild life sanctuaries and national parks which have good employment and income generating potential. Indirect Advantages 1. Forests are the moderators of climate. These have effective role in controlling humidity and tem ­perature and precipitation. 2. Forests play dominant role in carbon cycle.These absorb atmospheric carbon-di-oxide and help in maintaining the purity of air and controlling atmospheric pollution. 3. Forests help in controlling soil erosion, soil degradation and floods. That is why these are very helpful in land reclamation and flood control. 4. Forests help in water percolation and thereby maintain underground water table. 5. Decay of plant leaves provides humus to the soils an d increases their fertility. 6. Indian forests are rich in wild life housing about 500 species of animals. 7.Forests help in maintaining natural scenic beauty which every year attract a number of tourists and nature lovers. 8. Forests provide natural habitat to a number of primitive tribes which are part of our rich cultural heritage. Their mode of living, economy and cul ­tural traits are based on forest environment. 9. Forests provide recluse to rashes, saints and hermits who have enriched our religious and cultural thoughts. Mere a visit of such quiet serene environment relieves physical and mental strains and refurbishes new vitality and vigor.

Cyclon Hellas Sa In The Industrial Production Of Lubricants Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1887 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? PART 1 Cyclon Hellas is a company that operates in Greece in the industrial production of lubricants and the production and trade of packaged lubricants as also at the distribution of liquid fuels. Cyclon Hellas main target, is to provide quality products and services that respect both the needs of consumers and the environment. Since the beginning of the company which is estimated around 1981, through research and technological performance the company archived a high quality and ecological dimension of the products it developed.   Even the high competition not only in Greece but also in rest of Europe and Middle East, Cyclon Hellas has achieved to expand and play a great role among these markets only by maintaining the same philosophy, which springs not only from its consumers liability and satisfaction but also their partners collaboration.. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Cyclon Hellas Sa In The Industrial Production Of Lubricants Finance Essay" essay for you Create order PART 2             INCOME STATEMENT (Amounts in ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ 000)                   YEAR YEAR          2009 2008 Turnover 372.651 403.615 Cost of Sales 349.536 377.393 Gross Profit/Loss 23.115 26.222       Selling Expenses 15.891 16.669 Administrative Expenses 4.725 4.529 Plus/ Minus Other Operating Income/Expenses 3.778 3.362       Profits before Interest/Depreciation 6.277 8.386 And Taxes/EBITDA          Plus/Investments income/Profits 3.78 591 From Associate Companies          Minus Financial Expenses 2.084 2.976 Profit before Depreciation and Taxes 4.571 6.001 Minus Total Depreciation 2.697 2.409       Net Profit before Tax 1.874 3.592 Minus Taxes 820 1.436       Profit after Tax 1.054 2.156       ATTRIBUTABLE TO:    Equity Shareholders 1.060 2.147 Minority Interest (6) 9 Net profit/(loss) after tax 1.054 2.156       Basic earnings/(losses) per Share EPS (in euro) 0,0397 0,0807 Diluted earnings/(losses) per share (in euro)          Other State revenue    Foreign Currency Translation (8) 1 TOTAL       1.046 2.157                ANNUAL BALANCE SHEET (Amounts in ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ 000)       YEAR YEAR    2009 2008 ASSETS    Non-Current Assets    Tangible Assets 33.090 32.752 Investments in Real Estate 2.007 2.015 Intangible Assets 603 844 Participation in Subsidiaries and Affiliated Companies 33 33 Goodwill 467 467 Other Long Term Receivables 4.288 4.792 Total non-Current Assets 40.488 40.903 Current Assets    Investments    Inventories 8.510 9.295 Trade and Other Receivables 49.028 57.538 Cash and Cash Equivalents 4.243 6.034 Total Current Assets 61.781 72.867 TOTAL ASSETS 102.269 113.770       SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY AND LIABILITIES    SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY    Share Capital 12.532 12.532 Reserves 2.105 2.113 Retained earnings 14.705 13.645 Total Shareholders equity attributed to shareholders of the parent 29.342 28.290 Minority Interest 18 24 Total Equity 29.360 28.314 Long Term Liabilities    Long Term loans /(Leasing Liabilities) 373 16.745 Deferred Tax Liabilities 3.740 3.510 Employee Benefits 3.735 3.750 Grants 92 310 Trade and Other Long Terms Paybles 85 74 Total Long Term Liabilities 8.025 24.389 Short Term Liabilities    Trade and Other Sort Terms Paybles 35.686 33.906 Short Term Loans 29.198 29.198 Long Term Liabilities (payable next year) 0 4.000 Other payables and Accrued Expenses    Total Short Term Liabilities 64.884 61.067       TOTAL LIABILITIES 72.909 85.456 TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY       102.269 113.770 CASH FLOW (Amounts in ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ 000)             YEAR YEAR    2009 2008 Profit/(losses) before Taxes and Minority Interest 1.874 3.592 Plus / (minus) adjustments for    Depreciation 2.697 2.409 Forecasts 142 (678) Grants Depreciation (165) (147) Transaction Changes (235) (6) (Profit)/loss from sale of fixed assets (268) (52) Interest charges 2.024 2.590 Operating Profit before adjustments in Working Capital    (Increase)/decrease in receivables 9.016 (14.268) Decrease/ (Increase) in Inventories 736 (1.164) Increase/(decrease) in liabilities 1.616 381 Interest Paid (2.024) (2.454) Income Tax Paid (335) (394) Cash flows from operating activities 15.078 (10.953)       Investing Activities    Receipts from sales of Tangible and Intangible Assets 2.919 4.422 Interest received 262 158 Receipts from sale of Subsidiaries 0 83 Cash flow from Investing Activities 2.534 3.981       Financing activities    Proceeds from loans 0 16.919 Payment of Liabilities from Financial Leasing 238 131 Receipt from fixed assets grants 0 91 Repayment of Loans 14.097 0 Cash flow from financing activities 14.335 16.839       Net increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents (1.791) 1.905 Cash and Cash Equivalents at 1st of January 6.034 4.129             Cash and Cash Equivalents at the end of December    4.243 6.034 PART 3 Group Ratios for Years 2009-2008 YEAR 2009 2008 RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED       27,8 21,5 RETURN ON EQUITY       12,8 24,5 RETURN OF SHAREHOLDERS CAPITAL (CAPITAL AFTER TAX)    7,2 14,7 RETURN ON ASSETS       1,83 3,15 GROSS PROFIT MARGIN       6,2 6,5 CURRENT RATIO       0,95 1,19 QUICK RATIO       0,48 0,58 DEBT / EQUITY RATIO       0,03 1,34 STOCK TURNOVER PERIOD       9,3 8,6 DEBTORS TURNOVER       26,2 26,7 CREDITORS TURNOVER       37,2 32,8   PART 4    STOCK MARKET RATIOS          CAPITALAIZATION          12.532.474,80 ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ PRISE PER SHARE (price taken from Athens Stock Market DD 20/01/2010) 0.72 ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ TOTAL SHARE AMOUNT          17.406.215,00 ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬       EARNINGS PER SHARE    0.04 ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬          P/E RATIO    18.0             DIVIDENTS IN YEAR 2009 1.060.000,00 ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬    DIVIDENTS PER SHARE 0.017 ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬    DIVIDEND YIELD 2.36%                      PART 5                  INCOME STATEMENT (Amounts in ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ 000)   (FORECAST FOR 1 YEAR)             YEAR YEAR YEAR YEAR    forecast % change       2010 2009-2010 2009 2008 Turnover 354.018 -5,0% 372.651 403.615 Cost of Sales 333.000 -6,0% 349.536 377.393 Gross Profit/Loss 21.018 -9,0% 23.115 26.222          Selling Expenses 15.500 -2,5% 15.891 16.669 Administrative Expenses 4.900 3,7% 4.725 4.529 Plus/ Minus Other Operating Income/Expenses 3.900 3,2% 3.778 3.362          Profits before Interest/Depreciation 4.518 -28,0% 6.277 8.386 And Taxes/EBITDA                Plus/Investments income/Profits 700 85,0% 378 591 From Associate Companies                Minus Financial Expenses 1.530 -26,5% 2.084 2.976 Profit before Depreciation and Taxes 3.688 -19,3% 4.571 6.001 Minus Total Depreciation 2.750 5,7% 2.697 2.409          Net Profit before Tax 938 -50,0% 1.874 3.592 Minus Taxes 430 -52,0% 820 1.436          Profit after Tax 508 -52,4% 1.054 2.156 It is expected a decrease of 5.0% concerning the Turnover of year 2010 due to the global financial crisis and the inflation change (plus the huge economical crisis in the Greek Markets) The Sales are also decreased since the increase of the gasoline, lubricants and fuel prise. The group has no problems with exchanges differences, due to the physical hedging policy. Selling Expenses will continue to grow (-2.5%). Administrative Expenses are also growing(3.7%) Longterm Loan on a euribor rate and fixed spread Financial Expenses are Decreasing (26.5%)payment for Leasing Taxation Rate is 25% for Years 2008-2009-2010 PART 6 ANNUAL BALANCE SHEET (Amounts in ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ 000)          (FORECAST FOR 1 YEAR) YEAR YEAR YEAR    2010 2009 2008 ASSETS       Non-Current Assets       Tangible Assets 32.000 33.090 32.752 Investments in Real Estate 2.000 2.007 2.015 Intangible Assets 580 603 844 Participation in Subsidiaries and Affiliated Companies 33 33 33 Goodwill 467 467 467 Other Long Term Receivables 4.100 4.288 4.792 Total non-Current Assets 39.180 40.488 40.903 Current Assets       Investments       Inventories 8.7460 8.510 9.295 Trade and Other Receivables 47.672 49.028 57.538 Cash and Cash Equivalents 3.700 4.243 6.034 Total Current Assets 59.832 61.781 72.867 TOTAL ASSETS 99.012 102.269 113.770 SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY AND LIABILITIES       SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY       Share Capital 12.532 12.532 12.532 Reserves 2090 2.105 2.113 Retained earnings 14.200 14.705 13.645 Total Shareholders equity attributed to shareholders of the parnt 29.500 29.342 28.290 Minority Interest 17 18 24 Total Equity 29.939 29.360 28.314 Long Term Liabilities       Long Term loans /(Leasing Liabilities) 150 373 16.745 Deferred Tax Liabilities 3.900 3.740 3.510 Employee Benefits 3.700 3.735 3.750 Grants 70 92 310 Trade and Other Long Terms Paybles 100 85 74 Total Long Term Liabilities 7.920 8.025 24.389 Short Term Liabilities       Trade and Other Sort Terms Paybles 33.939 35.686 33.906 Short Term Loans 27.214 29.198 29.198 Long Term Liabilities (payable next year)    0 4.000 Other payables and Accrued Expenses       Total Short Term Liabilities 61,153 64.884 61.067          TOTAL LIABILITIES 69.073 72.909 85.456 TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY    99012 102.269 113.770 Creditors Turnover will remain the same as 2009 (37.2) Inventories Turnover will remain the same as 2009 (9.3) Debtors Turnover will also remain the same as 2009 (26.2) Tangible Assets Will decrease equal to the annual depreciation PART 7 ANALYSIS OF Cyclon Hellas SA (GROUP) The year of 2009 was marked from : a) the impact of the global financial crisis (reducing demand, reducing prices, foreign exchange and credit risks, given the uncertainty of the market). b) The reduction of prices of petroleum products (fuels, base oils) as a result of falling international prices of crude. c) The Reduction on the demand for lubricants. Profitability (all amounts in ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬000) The Groups turnover CYCLON Hellas SA in that year amounted to ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ 372.651 against ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ 403.615 in the corresponding period of 2008, a decrease of 7.98%.The decrease was primarily due to lower prices of petroleum products (fuel) of the parent company and the fall in sales of other activities and in particular lubricants. Operating earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) In a group operating profit before tax, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) decreased by 25% and determined the amount of ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ 6.277 compared to ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ 8.386 in fiscal year 2008.This decrease is the result of lower sales of lubricants and the profits. Net Earnings The net results of the Group, after taxes, profits amounted to ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ 1.054 thousand compared to profits ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ 2.156 in the corresponding last year 2008. Net profit after tax The net profit after tax were detrimental to this use at ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ 244 compared profit ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ 106 for the corresponding last year. The Probability Ratios Reveal: Roce: We have an increase on the level of profits in relation to overall capital employed to produce the profits (27.8 / 21.5). So the performance of the group is increasing. Roe: The decrease (almost 50%) of the efficiency of shareholders value. Roa: Since the great amount of decrease in Profit before Taxes from 3.592 to .1874 and the small deference between Total Assets of the 2 years we see that the ratio has decreased from 3.15 to 1.83 so the Group has not achieved its objective, which is the increase in sales volume and increase market share. Return of Shareholders Capital : We see , the great decrease of the Net Profit after Tax form 2.156ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ to 1.054ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ got us to the result of the simultaneously decrease of the Return of Shareholders Capital ratio from 14.7 to 7.2 (over 50%) Liquidity (all amounts in ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬000) The company achieves effective management of liquidity risk primarily through the equation to credit period, and secondly by providing sufficient reserves (cash and bank) as well as a rapid means of securing bank financing in the event of an unforeseen emergency. The Liquidity Ratios reveal: Current Ratio: Due to the fact that the change of the rate is small (1.19 to 0.95) we assume that the Group will not have any problem to cover all its Short Term Liabilities as its Short Term Assets remain in a great level. Quick Ratio: Even though we see a low rate in both years 0.48 0.58 and the Inventories (8.510ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ 9.295ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬) are not in a level that in an emergency case should be easily converted into cash in order to cover the Liabilities, the Marketable securities (16.490ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ 21.812ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬) and the debtors receivables (26.768ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ 29.582ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ ) could help the Group to solve an unexpected Liquidity problem. Capital Structure (all amounts in ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬000) The Group manages its capital to ensure that Group companies will continue to be viable maximizing return to shareholders by optimizing the ratio debt to equity. The Groups capital structure consists of debt , cash and cash equivalents and shareholders equity of the parent company include share capital, reserves and retained earnings. The capital structure of the Group is monitored on an ongoing basis. Part of this monitoring is the review of capital costs and risks. Debt/Equity Ratio: We see the great deviation between the two periods ratio 0.03 1.34 t inflects to the repayment of the loan(16.000ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬) in year 2008 and that has helped the Group to come in such a position that can have a health operating function and also a good finance growth. Working Capital (all amounts in ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬000) Working capital is the amount of capital which is readily available to an organization. That is, working capital is the difference between resources in cash or readily convertible into cash (Current Assets), and cash requirements (Current Liabilities). As a result, the decisions relating to working capital are always current, i.e. short term, decisions. n addition to time horizon, working capital decisions differ from capital investment decisions in terms of discounting and profitability considerations. They are also reversible to some extent. (Considerations as to Risk appetite and return targets remain identical, although some constraints such as those imposed by loan covenants may be more relevant here). Current Assets 61.781ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬-85.456ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬=-11.128ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ (year 2009) As we have a negative number we assume that the Group will not be able to operate, and that it has no sufficient cash flow to service long term debt, and to satisfy both maturing short-term debt and upcoming operational expenses. Current Assets 72.867ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬-85.456ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬=-12.589ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬(year 2008) As we have a negative number also in year 2008 , we assume that the Group will not be able to operate, and that it has no sufficient cash flow to service long term debt, and to satisfy both maturing short-term debt and upcoming operational expenses. Next we will use the measure of cash flow within the operating cycle. This represents the time difference between cash payment for raw materials and cash collection for sales. The cash conversion cycle indicates the firms ability to convert its resources into cash We use the Ratio from: Years 2009 2008 Stock Turn Over Period 9.3 8.6 days Debtors Turnover 26.2 26.7 days Creditors Turnover 37.2 32.8 days Operating Cycle 2008 = 8.6+26.7-32.8 = 2.5 Operating Cycle 2009 = 9.3+26.2-37.2= -1.7 Best Inventory managerial at year 2009 which helps the Group for uninterrupted production although it reduces the investment in raw materials , it minimizes reordering costs and hence increases cash flow. The Operating Cycle has a 4.2 difference between the two operating years , the funding of the Working Capital is inevitable.(Bank loan Factoring) The cash balance in year 2008 allows the Group to meet day to day expenses, but reduces cash holding costs. In year 2009 credit terms may l attract customers, such that any impact on cash flows and the cash conversion cycle will be offset by increased revenue and hence Return on Capital